HVACR: Absorption Chiller Plant Virtual Tour(Industrial Refrigeration Training)NYC RMO Training Q-01

Today are going on a Absorption Chiller Plant Virtual Tour! This is industrial Refrigeration Training! NYC RMO Training Q-01 Exam. Refrigerating Machine Operator Training Video!

Absorption chillers have the advantage of being free of electric compressors, which means that they can provide significant cooling capacity to a facility without contributing to the peak electric demand. The major consideration that must be made when assessing the applicability of such a chiller is that they do require a large and consistent stream of waste heat in order to function. Industrial manufacturing facilities are the most obvious candidates, but other settings such as university campuses, larger hospital complexes, or large hotels often present significant opportunity to benefit from installing an absorption chiller.

The science behind absorption chillers
An absorption chiller normally has a condenser, a generator, an evaporator, an absorber, and a heat exchanger. First, the refrigerant, or the water mixed with lithium bromide, is stored in the absorber. It will be pumped through the heat exchanger and go to the generator tank at the top of the chiller. The heat generated from the outside or waste steam collected from other systems in the building will go into the chiller’s generator. Lithium bromide and water will then be separated under the heat. Water gradually becomes vapor and rises to the top, where the condenser located, and lithium bromide sinks to the bottom.

The lithium bromide will go through a pipe and flow back to the absorber, where it started originally. Then, the vapor in the condenser on the top will go through a cooling tower. The cooling tower pipe has a lower air pressure than the condenser. Thus, the vapor becomes water again as the air pressure decreases. The cold water then goes into the evaporator and waits to be mixed with the lithium bromide in the absorber again.

In short, the absorption chiller chills water via sudden change of pressure. When the water heats up in the generator, the air pressure is high. Water releases the heat and becomes vapor. Then, a pipe leads the vapor to the evaporator, where the air pressure is low. The vapor will then cool down and become cold water again immediately. The outside temperature will drop as vapor absorbs the heat to become water.

The water evaporates and carries away all the unwanted heat. Then, as it goes through the cooling tower, the vapor cools down in a low-pressure environment and becomes water again. When the water mixed with the lithium bromide in the absorber, they are ready to go through the heat exchanger again and carries more unwanted heat with them.

When it operates, an absorption chiller produces chilled water while consuming just a small amount of electricity to run the pumps on it. And it will continue bringing out the heat from the building as it goes through the heating and cooling cycle.

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